When people talk about bronchial asthma, they mean asthma, a long-term inflammatory condition of the airways that frequently results in attacks of coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and tightness in the chest. Allergies are closely related to asthma as well as other respiratory conditions like chronic sinusitis, middle ear infections, and nasal polyps. The most intriguing finding from a recent study of asthmatics was that those who also had allergies were much more likely to experience asthma-related night awakenings, miss work, and require stronger medications to control their symptoms. Asthma is associated with mast cells, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes. Mast cells are the cells that cause allergies and release histamine-like substances. When you have a cold, hay fever, asthma, or a skin allergy, histamine is the chemical that makes your nose runny and drippy, restricts your airways, and causes itchy skin. Allergy-related illnesses are associated with white blood cells called eosinophils. T lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, are also linked to allergy and inflammation. Along with other inflammatory cells, these cells play a role in the development of airway inflammation in asthma, which contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness, airflow restriction, respiratory symptoms, and chronic disease. Due to the inflammation, some people experience chest tightness and shortness of breath frequently at night (nocturnal asthma) or in the early morning. Some people only get sick after working out (called exercise-induced asthma). Because of inflammation, certain triggers cause airway hyperresponsiveness. If you have bronchial asthma, make sure your doctor shows you how to use the inhalers correctly. In case you experience an asthma attack or other emergency, keep your rescue inhaler close at hand.
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